Urine Dipstick

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Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Notes 3 More General Terms 4 Additional Terms 5 References

More Specific Terms

• urine ketone test strip

Notes

• Dipstick:

• specific gravity: 1.005-1.031
• urobilinogen
• nitrite*
• leukocyte esterase*
• blood
• bilirubin
• ketones
• glucose
• protein: protein by dipstick detects albumin
• pH: 5-9
  

• * presence of leukocyte esterase + nitrites suggests urinary tract infection [2]
  
• blood:

• dipstick detects > 5 RBC/ hpf
• dipstick detects hemoglobin & myoglobin
• false positives

• ascorbate > 5 mg/dL
• contamination with povidone-iodine
  

• leukocyte esterase:

• dipstick detects > 3-4 leukocytes/ hpf
• sensitivity 92%
  

• Protein:

• dipstick detects only albumin [2,4] {good reliability}

• given dipstick value represents greater protein excretion in dilute than concentrated urine
• for specific gravity of 1.020, the chance of overt proteinuria for a reading of:

• 0 mg/dL = 2%
• 300 mg/dL = 98%

More General Terms

• urinalysis (UA)

Additional Terms

• urine culture
• urine discoloration

References

1. Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 620
2. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009
3. Prescriber's Letter 9(5):28 2002
4. Journal Watch 25(13):105, 2005 Constantiner M, Sehgal AR, Humbert L, Constantiner D, Arce L, Sedor JR, Schelling JR. A dipstick protein and specific gravity algorithm accurately predicts pathological proteinuria. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005 May;45(5):833-41. PMID: [1] A calculator may be found at [2]

urine dipstick