Tardive Dyskinesia

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Etiology 2 Pathology 3 Clinical-manifestations 4 Management 5 More General Terms 6 Additional Terms 7 References

Etiology

• late complication of antipsychotic therapy (dopamine receptor antagonists)

• generally noted after > 5 years of antipsychotic therapy
• isolated incidences after 1-3 months have been reported

• longstanding psychosis
• idiopathic on some elderly individuals, especially if edentulous

Pathology

• dopamine receptor sensitivity in the basal ganglia

Clinical-manifestations

• rhythmic, repetitive, bizarre movements largely involving the face, mouth, jaw & tongue
• grimacing, pursing of the lips, protrusions of the tongue, opening & closing of the mouth, & deviations of the jaw also occur
• the extremities & trunk are less frequently involved
• the condition is often unrecognized by the patient

Management

• consider discontinuation of offending antipsychotic agent
• switch offending antipsychotic to clozapine ( Clozaril)

More General Terms

• dyskinesia

Additional Terms

• antipsychotic agent
• clozapine (Clozaril)

References

1. Guide to Physical Examination & History Taking, 6th edition, Bates B, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pg 544
2. UCLA Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
3. NINDS Tardive Dyskinesia Information Page [1]

tardive dyskinesia