Striatum

From Anvita Health Wiki

Introduction

• Consists of caudate & putamen. Afferents:

• cortical afferents

• medium-sized spiny neurons in dorsal striatum receive projections from the neocortex*

• most afferents from pyramidal neurons in layer 5
• also neurons in layers 3 & 4

• ventral striatum receives projections from

• hippocampus
• entorhinal cortex
• olfactory cortex
• basolateral amygdala

• subcortical afferents

• dopaminergic fibers

• largely ipsilateral from

• substantia nigra pars compacta
• ventral tegmental area

• topographically clustered

• anterolateral cells of the pars compacta project to the head of the caudate
• caudomedial cells project to the putamen
• anteromedial cells in the pars compacta & ventral tegmental area project to the ventral striatum

• ipsilateral dorsal raphe ( serotoninergic & other)
• bilateral fibers from the reticular formation
• caudal region of spinal trigeminal nucleus
• central gray area
• posterior & lateral hypothalamus

• histamine, GABA, galanin, met-enkephalin within same neuron
• alpha-MSH

• thalamus

• intralaminar nuclei (major source of afferents from thalamus)
• lateral-posterior nucleus
• pulvinar
• ventral anterior nucleus
• ventral lateral nucleus
• medial geniculate nucleus

• subthalamic nucleus
• globus pallidus Efferents:
• three major striatal efferent targets

• external globus pallidus

• each segment of the globus pallidus receives afferents from a column of overlying striatum

• internal globus pallidus, including substantia nigra pars reticulata
• substantia nigra pars compacta

• * medium-sized spiny neurons in dorsal striatum receiving projections from the neocortex also contribute to striatal efferents

More General Terms

• brain structure

References

1. The Human Nervous System, George Paxinos, Academic Press, San Diego CA 1990
2. The Human Nervous System, an atomical viewpoint, Barr ML, 2nd ed, Harper & Row, Hargerstown, MD, 1974

striatum