Sign/symptom
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- abdominal distention
- abdominal pain
- abulia
- acanthocytosis
- acantholysis
- acanthosis
- achlorhydria
- achylia
- acidosis
- aciduria
- acne
- acrobrachycephaly
- acute respiratory failure
- acute splenic sequestration crisis (ASSC)
- Adson's sign (test)
- aerophagia
- afferent pupillary defect (APD)
- agitation
- agnosia
- agranulocytosis
- airway obstruction
- akathisia
- albinism
- alexithymia
- alkalosis
- alkaptonuria
- allodynia
- alopecia (hair loss, balding)
- amblyopia
- amenorrhea (oligomenorrhea)
- amnesia
- anaphylactoid reaction
- angina
- anhedonia
- aniseikonia
- anisocoria
- anisometropia
- anisospondyly
- ankle-brachial index (ABI) or ankle-arm index (AAI)
- ankylosis
- anodontia
- anomaly
- anomia
- anorexia
- anosmia
- anosognosia
- anxiety
- apathy (indifference)
- aphonia
- apnea
- apprehension
- apraxia
- areflexia
- Argyl-Robertson pupil
- argyria
- arousal symptom
- Asboe-Hansen sign
- ascites
- asphyxia (suffocation)
- astereognosis
- asterixis (liver flap)
- asthenopia (eye strain)
- astigmatism
- ataxia
- atelectasis
- athetosis
- atrichia; atrichosis
- atrophy
- Auspitz sign
- automatism
- autosplenectomy
- azoospermia
- azotemia
- B-symptoms
- bacteremia
- bacteriuria
- balance disorder
- bartholinitis
- bedridden
- belching (eructation)
- Bell's palsy; cranial nerve 7 palsy; facial nerve palsy
- Bitot's spots
- black tongue
- bladder neck contracture (BNC)
- bladder outlet obstruction
- blepharophimosis
- blepharoptosis; ptosis
- body odor
- Boutonniere deformity
- brachycephaly
- brachydactyly
- bradypnea
- bright red blood per rectum (BRBPR)
- Brockenbrough's sign
- bronchoconstriction
- bronchophony
- bronchorrhea
- bronchospasm
- bruit
- bruxism
- buckling or giving way of the knee
- calciphylaxis
- camptodactyly
- candiduria
- caput medusae
- cardiac arrhythmia
- cardiomegaly
- carotenemia
- carotenodermia
- catalepsy
- cataracts
- catatonia
- cellulitis
- cerebellar signs
- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage
- cervical motion tenderness (CMT) or chandelier sign
- chagoma
- Charcot's triad
- cheilitis
- chest tightness
- Cheyne-Stokes respiration
- chills/rigors
- cholestasis
- chondrocalcinosis
- chorea
- chromaturia
- Chvostek's sign
- chyluria
- cinchonism
- circumlocution
- claudication
- claustrophobia
- clinical dehydration
- clinocephaly (saddle head)
- clinodactyly
- clubbed fingers; clubbing (Hippocratic fingers)
- cognitive impairment
- compulsion
- confabulation
- confusion
- constipation
- contracture
- convulsion
- coprolalia (coprophrasia)
- corneal arcus (arcus corneae)
- Corrigan's pulse
- costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness
- cough
- Courvoisier's sign
- cramp
- crepitus (crepitation)
- cryofibrinogenemia
- crystalluria
- Cullen's sign
- cutis laxa (loose skin, dermatochalasis, pachydermatocele)
- cyanosis
- cycloplegia
- Darier's sign
- day blindness (hemeralopia, hemeranopia)
- de Musset's sign
- deafness
- death rattle
- decerebrate posturing
- deconditioning
- decorticate posturing
- decreased bladder compliance
- delusion
- dementia
- depression
- dermatographism
- desmoplasia
- diabetic foot
- diarrhea
- diplacusis
- diplopia (double vision)
- disinhibition
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- distant heart sound
- distichiasis
- diuresis
- dizziness
- drop attack
- drop sign
- drowsiness
- dry eyes (xerophthalmia)
- Duroziez murmur (Duroziez sign)
- dysacusis
- dysdiadochokinesia
- dysesthesia
- dysgeusia (taste disorder)
- dysglycemia
- dyskeratosis
- dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain)
- dysmetria
- dysnomia
- dysosmia
- dysostosis (dysosteogenesis)
- dyspepsia (indigestion)
- dysphagia (swallowing disorder)
- dysphasia
- dysphonia
- dysphoria
- dyspnea (shortness of breath {SOB})
- dysreflexia
- dyssomnia
- dysthymia
- dystonia
- dystrophy
- dysuria
- earache; otalgia
- ecchymosis
- echolalia
- ectopia lentis
- ectrodactyly; split-hand/foot deformity; lobster claw
- ectropion
- edema (swelling)
- EKG sign
- elastosis
- elephantiasis
- elevated serum transaminases; transaminitis; abnormal liver function tests
- elevation of one hemidiaphragm
- embolism
- emotional lability
- emphysema
- enanthem
- endometriosis
- enophthalmos
- entropion
- eosinophiluria
- epiphora (abnormal tearing)
- epistaxis (nose bleed)
- erethism
- erythema
- erythema chronicum migricans (erythema migrans)
- erythemia pernio (chillbain)
- erythoderma (exfoliative dermatitis)
- erythrodontia
- erythromelalgia (erythermalgia)
- esophoria (E)
- euphoria
- exfoliation (desquamation)
- exophoria (X)
- exophthalmos (proptosis)
- extrapyramidal sign/symptom
- extravasation
- extroversion
- facial hair
- failure to thrive
- fasciculation (muscle twitching)
- fatigue; lassitude; tiredness
- fecal urgency
- festination
- Finkelstein's sign
- fixed & dilated pupils
- flail chest
- flashing lights
- flatulence
- fluid retention
- flushing (vasomotor flushing)
- foamy urine
- foot drop
- foreign body sensation
- friable cervix
- friction rub (friction fremitus)
- frontal release sign (frontal reflex)
- galactorrhea
- gastrointestinal symptom
- gastroparesis
- genu valgum (knock knee)
- gingival hyperplasia
- glossopharyngeal neuralgia
- glycosuria
- goiter
- Gottron's papule
- Gottron's sign
- Gower's sign
- graphesthesia
- Grey-Turner sign
- grief
- groove sign
- ground glass eye
- growth retardation
- hairy tongue
- halitosis (bad breath, fetor oris, ozostomia)
- hallucination
- Hampton's hump
- hearing loss (hearing impairment, hard of hearing, HOH)
- heart sound(s)
- hebephrenia
- hemarthrosis
- hematemesis
- hematochezia
- hematospermia
- hematuria
- hemiparesis
- hemiplegia (HP)
- hemodynamic instability (compromise)
- hemoglobinuria
- hemolysis
- hemoperitoneum
- hemoptysis
- hemorrhage (bleeding)
- hemosiderinuria
- hemothorax
- Hennebert sign (positive fistula test)
- hepatojugular reflux
- hepatomegaly
- hepatosplenomegaly
- hiccups (singultus)
- Hill's sign
- hirsutism
- histiocytic infiltrate
- Hoffmann's sign; Hoffmann's test
- Homan's sign
- hostility
- hot flash (menopausal symptom)
- human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA)
- Hutchinson's sign
- hydrocephalus
- hydronephrosis
- hydropneumothorax
- hydrops (dropsy)
- hyperactivity
- hyperacusis (hyperacusia)
- hyperalbuminemia
- hyperammonemia
- hyperamylasemia
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hypercalcemia
- hypercalciuria
- hypercapnia
- hypercarbia
- hyperchloremia
- hypercholanemia
- hyperemia
- hyperesthesia (hyperalgesia)
- hyperextension
- hypergastrinemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperglycinuria
- hyperkalemia
- hyperkeratosis
- hyperlipasemia
- hypermagnesemia
- hypermobility of bladder neck
- hypernatremia
- hyperparathyroidism
- hyperphagia (gluttony, overeating)
- hyperphenylalaninemia
- hyperphoria (H)
- hyperpigmentation
- hyperpipecolicacidemia
- hyperpituitarism
- hyperproteinemia
- hyperreflexia
- hypersecretion
- hypersensitivity
- hypersplenism
- hypertelorism
- hypertension (HTN, high blood pressure, HBP)
- hyperthermia (pyrexia)
- hyperthyroidism
- hypertonia
- hypertrichosis
- hypertrophy
- hypertropia (HT)
- hyperuricemia
- hyperuricosuria
- hyperventilation
- hyperviscosity
- hypervolemia (extracellular volume overload)
- hypesthesia
- hypoalbuminemia
- hypoaldosteronism; mineralocorticoid deficiency
- hypoarousal
- hypocalcemia
- hypochloremia
- hypochlorhydria
- hypodontia
- hypoestrogenemia
- hypofibrinogenemia
- hypoglycemia
- hypohidrosis
- hypokalemia
- hypomagnesemia
- hypomania
- hypomimia (masked fascies)
- hyponatremia
- hypoparathyroidism
- hypophonia
- hypophoria (Ho)
- hypophosphatasia
- hypophosphatemia
- hypopigmentation
- hypopituitarism
- hypopnea
- hypopyon
- hyporeflexia
- hyposalivation
- hyposmia
- hypospadias
- hyposplenism
- hyposthenuria
- hypotension
- hypothermia
- hypothyroidism
- hypotonia
- hypotrichosis
- hypotropia (HoT)
- hypotropia at near (HoT')
- hypoventilation
- hypovolemia (extracellular volume depletion)
- ileus
- immobility
- impotence
- inanition
- inattention (attention disorder)
- incontinence
- increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
- increased intraocular pressure (IOP)
- induration
- inflammation
- intertrigo
- introversion
- irritability (impatience, hyperexcitability)
- isothenuria
- Janeway spot or lesion (smoke ring)
- jaundice (icterus)
- jet lag
- joint stiffness
- jugular venous distention (JVD)
- Kayser-Fleischer ring
- keratitis
- keratoconus
- keratoderma
- ketosis
- Kluver-Bucy syndrome
- Koebner phenomenon
- koilonychia (spoon nails)
- Kussmaul respirations
- Kussmaul's sign
- kyphosis (hyperkyphosis, Dowager's hump)
- lacrimation
- language impairment
- laryngismus
- left atrial enlargement (LAE)
- left shift; bandemia
- left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
- leontiasis
- leukoderma (hypomelanosis)
- leukonychia; achromia unguium; canities unguium; leukopathia unguis
- leukotrichia
- Levine's sign
- Lhermitte's sign
- lichenoid eruption
- lithoptysis
- livedo reticularis (mottled skin, cutis marmorata)
- locking of the knee
- lordosis (hollow/sway/saddle back)
- lower motor neuron sign
- lupus pernio
- lymphadenopathy
- lymphocytic infiltrate
- lymphohistiocytic infiltrate
- macroamylasemia
- macrocephaly
- macrocytosis
- macroorchidism
- macular 'drug red' syndrome
- macular cherry red spot
- macular degeneration
- macular edema; retinal edema
- malaise
- malnutrition
- mania (manic state)
- Marcus Gunn pupil
- mastodynia; mastalgia; breast pain
- megancephaly (macrencephaly)
- meibomitis (meibomianitis)
- melancholy (melancholic Features)
- melanoptysis
- melanosis
- melena
- meningeal sign
- meningism
- mental retardation
- mesomelia
- mesomelic dwarfism
- methemoglobinemia
- microcephaly
- microcornea
- microcytosis
- micrognathia
- micromelia (nanomelia)
- middle ear effusion (otitis media with effusion)
- minimal cognitive impairment (MCI); benign senile forgetfulness; age-associated memory impairment (AAMI)
- miosis (pupillary constriction)
- mittelschmerz
- monocyte dysfunction
- monocytopenia
- monocytosis
- monoparesis
- morning stiffness
- motor retardation
- mourning
- mucosal erosion
- mucous plugging
- Muehrcke's nails
- Mulder's sign
- murmur
- Murphy inspiratory arrest sign
- muscle atrophy (amyotrophy)
- muscle spasm
- muscle stiffness
- musculoskeletal sign/symptom
- mydriasis
- myoglobinuria
- myokymia
- myopia
- nasal congestion
- nausea
- neck mass/adenopathy
- nervousness
- neurapraxia
- neurologic sign/symptom; neurologic deficit
- neutropenia
- neutrophilic infiltrate
- night blindness (nyctalopia, nocturnal amblyopia, nyctanopia)
- Nikolsky's sign
- nipple discharge
- nocturia
- nuchal rigidity (neck stiffness)
- numbness
- nystagmus
- obesity
- obsession
- obturator sign
- occipital neuralgia
- ocular hypertelorism
- oily evacuation
- oligemia
- oligodontia
- oligohydramnios
- oligospermia
- oligouria
- oliguria
- onycholysis
- ophthalmoplegia (ophthalmoparesis)
- opisthotonos
- opsoclonus
- optic neuritis
- organomegaly
- orthodeoxia
- orthopnea
- orthostatic tolerance
- oscillopsia
- Osler's node
- osteopenia
- osteosclerosis
- otorrhea
- pain [odyn-]
- palilalia
- pallor
- palpable purpura
- palpitations
- pancytopenia
- panniculitis
- papilledema
- papulosis
- parakeratosis
- paralysis
- paranoia
- paraparesis
- paraphasia
- parasitemia
- paratonia (gegenhalten)
- paresis
- paresthesia
- parkinsonism
- Pastia's sign/lines
- pathergy
- penile discharge
- perseveration
- perspiration (sweating)
- pes cavus (claw foot)
- pes planus
- petechia
- Phalen's sign
- Phalen-Dickson sign
- phimosis
- phonophobia
- photic sneeze reflex
- photophobia
- photosensitivity
- pica
- pleocytosis
- pleural effusion
- pneumaturia
- podagra
- poikiloderma
- point tenderness
- polydactyly
- polydipsia
- polyhydramnios
- polyopia (multiple vision)
- polyphagia
- polyuria
- portal hypertension
- postnasal drip
- Prehn's sign
- prehypertension
- presbyopia
- priapism
- primapterinuria
- prolonged electroretinal response suppression (PERRS); bradyopsia
- proprioceptive impairment
- proteinuria
- pruritis (itching)
- pseudohyponatremia
- pseudophakia
- pseudotumor
- psoas sign
- pulmonary aspiration
- pulmonary crackles
- pulmonary hypertension
- pulmonary hypoplasia
- pulmonary infiltrate
- purpura
- pustulosis
- pyuria (leukocytouria)
- quadriparesis
- Quincke's pulse
- radiculopathy
- rales
- rash
- Raynaud's phenomenon
- rebound tenderness
- red eye (pink eye, ocular erythema)
- reflex
- repetitive tic
- respiratory depression
- respiratory urgency
- restlessness
- reticulocytosis
- retinitis pigmentosa (RP)
- retinopathy
- retrognathia
- retropulsion (tendency to fall backward)
- rhinitis
- rhinorrhea
- rhonchi
- right atrial enlargement (RAE)
- right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH)
- rigidity
- Romana's sign
- Romberg-Howship sign
- Roth spot
- Rovsing's sign
- rubeosis
- saccharopinuria
- sacroliiltis
- saddle anesthesia
- sarcopenia
- schistocytosis
- sedation
- seizure; epileptic seizure
- self-injurious behavior
- senility
- shaggy heart sign
- short stature
- shyness
- sialorrhea
- skeletal deformity
- skin maceration
- skin necrosis
- sleep disorder
- sneezing
- snoring
- somatization
- somnolence (sleepiness)
- spasticity
- speech impairment
- spherocytosis (microspherocytosis)
- spider angioma (nevus araneus, arterial spider)
- splinter hemorrhage (flame-shaped splinter hemorrhage)
- spondylolisthesis (listhesis, olisthesis)
- spondylolysis
- steatorrhea
- stertor
- strabismus
- stress
- striae
- stridor
- swan neck deformity
- swollen optic disk
- syncope
- syndactyly
- synesthesia
- synophrys
- synostosis
- tachykinesia
- tachyphemia
- tachyphylaxis
- tachypnea
- tactile fremitus
- talipes valgus (club foot)
- tear discoloration
- telecanthus (canthal hypertelorism)
- tenesmus
- tenting
- Terry's or Linday's nails (1/2 & 1/2 nails)
- tetany
- thirst
- thrill
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombosis
- thyromegaly
- Tinel's sign
- tinnitus
- torticollis; loxia; collum distortum; wryneck; cervical dystonia
- toxic (bullous) epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome, TEN)
- tracheomalacia
- Traube's sign
- tremor
- Trendelenberg gait
- Trendelenberg sign/test
- trichiasis
- trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
- trismus; ankylostoma; lockjaw
- Trousseau's sign
- twenty nail dystrophy
- ulcer
- underactive bladder; bladder atony
- upper motor neuron sign (pyramidal tract sign)
- urinary frequency
- urinary hesitancy
- urinary retention
- urinary urgency
- urticaria (hives)
- vaginal bleeding (including uterine bleeding)
- vaginal discharge
- vegetative symptoms
- vesicoureteral reflux
- Virchow's triad
- viremia
- virilism
- visual floater
- visual impairment
- vital signs (V/S)
- vomiting
- Waldeyer's throat ring; Bickel's ring; lymphoid ring
- water bottle heart
- weakness
- weight gain
- weight loss
- wheeze
- Winterbottom's sign
- xanthopsia
- xerosis (dry skin)
- yawning
Introduction
Etiology
- 1/3 to 1/2 of physical symptoms are idiopathic [2]
- predictors of comorbid depression & anxiety
- number of physical symptoms
- 3 or more unexplained symptoms
- 2 or more pain symptoms
History
- Attributes of a symptom:
- location, including radiation
- quality
- quantity or severity
- timing
- when did/does it start?
- how long has it last?
- how often does it occur?
- setting in which it occurs
- environmental factors
- personal activities
- emotional reactions
- other contributing circumstances
- exacerbating or alleviating factors
- associated manifestations
Management
- 75% of patients report improvement within 1 month [2]
- also see specific etiology
More General Terms
References
- Guide to Physical Examination & History Taking, 6th edition, Bates B, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pg 14
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009
- Symptoms and Manifestations [1]
