Salicylate

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Dosage 4 Pharmacokinetics 5 Adverse-effects 6 Laboratory 7 Mechanism-of-action 8 More General Terms 9 Additional Terms 10 Internet Database 11 References

More Specific Terms

• 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA)
• aspirin (Ecotrin, Empirin, Bayer aspirin, ASA)
• choline salicylate
• magnesium salicylate
• methyl salicylate
• para-aminosalicylate; PAS; 4-aminosalicylate (Pamisyl, Paser)
• phenyl salicylate
• salicylic acid
• salsalate (Salflex, Disalcid, sasapyrine)
• thiosalicylate

Introduction

• ortho-hydroxybenzoate.

Dosage

• estimated lethal dose is 15 g

Pharmacokinetics

• major hydrolysis product of aspirin
  

• 1/2life = 2.4-3.0 hours
• protein binding = 90-95 % < 100 ug/mL
• protein binding = 50 % 400 ug/mL

Adverse-effects

• tinnitius, inhibits outer hair cell motility
• stomach upset
• leukopenia (uncommon)
• thrombocytopenia (uncommon)
  
• drug adverse effects of NSAIDs

Laboratory

• specimen: serum, plasma ( EDTA), urine
• methods:

• serum/ plasma: HPLC, GLC, color, fluorometry, FPIA, EIA
• urine: EIA

• interferences:

• colorimetric & fluorometric assays subject to multiple interference; however, they are fast & useful for emergency overdose assessment
• diflusinal interferes with FPIA & color methods
• lipemic, icteric, or hemolyzed specimens may give false positive results with color method

Mechanism-of-action

• non- acetylated salicylates are

• more potent inhibitors of cyclo- oxygenase-2 ( COX-2) than COX-1
• they differ from aspirin & NSAIDs with regards to

• diminished propensity to induce peptic ulcer disease
• no interference with renal blood flow
• no inhibition of platelet function

• since anti-inflammatory properties are due to COX-2 inhibition, non- acetylated salicylates are good anti-inflammatory agents
• inhibitor of outer hair cell motility

• competitive antagonist at SLC26A5 ( prestin) anion- binding site

More General Terms

• benzoate
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID)

Additional Terms

• bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, BSS, Kaopectate)
• salicylate in serum/plasma
• salicylate toxicity

Internet Database

PubChem: 338
PubChem: 5148

References

1. Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 853-54, 763
2. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed., W.B. Saunders, 1995
3. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
4. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009
5. The Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 33rd edition Foster C et al (eds) Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2010, pg 945

salicylate