Renal Cyst

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Epidemiology 2 Pathology 3 Clinical-manifestations 4 Radiology 5 Management 6 More General Terms 7 Additional Terms 8 References

Epidemiology

• increased frequency with age
• overall prevalence 12%; 15% men vs 8% women
• prevalence increases with age

• 5% of patients 30-40 years
• 25-30% of patients > 50 years
• 35% of patients > 70 years

Pathology

• average yearly increase in cyst size = 2.8 mm [2]
• mean # of cysts/ kidney increased from 0.8-1.3 over 5 years
• only predictor of rapid growth is multilocular shape [2]
• simple cyst: [3]

• non-enhancing
• hairline, thin walls
• no septae or few hairline thin septae

• complex cyst: [3]

• many thin septae
• thickening of a septum or wall
• nodular calcification

Clinical-manifestations

• most cysts are asymptomatic

Radiology

• renal ultrasound
• computed tomography

• evaluate renal function before use of contrast

• magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI)

Management

• simple cysts:

• no malignant transformation [2,3]
• no further imaging studies or intervention needed [1]

• complex renal cysts or mass lesions > 4 cm

• ~5% of complex renal cysts eventually found to be malignant [3]
• further evaluation with CT or MRI indicated [1]

More General Terms

• cyst

Additional Terms

• polycystic kidney disease

References

1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009
2. Journal Watch 22(4):28, 2002 Terada et al J Urol 167:21, 2002
3. Journal Watch 23(21):166-67, 2003 Israel GM & Bosniak MA AJR AM J Roentgenol 181:627, 2003 PMID: [1]
4. Simple Kidney Cysts [2]

renal cyst