Pralidoxime

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Indications 3 Dosage 4 Pharmacokinetics 5 Adverse-effects 6 Drug-interactions 7 Mechanism-of-action 8 More General Terms 9 Internet Database 10 References

Introduction

• Tradename: 2- PAM. (pralidoxime chloride)

Indications

• antidote in poisoning due to organophosphate pesticides & other chemicals with anti- cholinesterase activity
• generally used in combination with atropine

Dosage

• 1-2 g IV/ IM/ SC
• may be repeated in 30 min if needed

Pharmacokinetics

• rapid onset of action when given IV/ IM
• distributes to extracellular water
• does not readily pass into CNS
• metabolized by the liver
• eliminated in the urine
• 1/2life is 60-80 minutes
  

• elimination via kidney
• 1/2life = 60-80 minutes

Adverse-effects

• elevated serum transaminases
• elevated creatine kinase
• dizziness
• double vision
• blurred vision
• muscular weakness
• elevated blood pressure
• tachycardia

Drug-interactions

• pralidoxine potentiates effects of barbiturates

Mechanism-of-action

• reactivates cholinesterase (mainly outside the CNS)

More General Terms

• antidote

Internet Database

PubChem: 4884
PubChem: 5797
PubChem: 65342
PubChem: 65349
PubChem: 65350
PubChem: 407614
PubChem: 199089
PubChem: 89469

References

Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs,  Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al  eds, 1998

pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam, Pralidoximum, Contrathion)