Parasympatholytic

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Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Indications 4 Contraindications 5 Adverse-effects 6 More General Terms 7 Additional Terms 8 References

More Specific Terms

• amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep)
• atropine (Atropair, Atropine-Care)
• benztropine <mesylate> (Cogentin)
• biperiden (Akineton)
• butylscopolamine (Buscopan)
• cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
• darifenacin (Enablex)
• dicyclomine (Bentyl)
• diphenhydramine (Benadryl, Alledryl, Allergival)
• ethopropazine (Parsidol)
• fesoterodine (Toviaz)
• flavoxate (Urispas, Bladderon)
• glycopyrrolate (Robinul, Cuvposa)
• homatropine (Isopto Homatropine)
• inhaled anticholinergic agent
• ipratropium (Atrovent)
• oxybutynin (Ditropan, Oxytrol, Gelnique)
• perenzepine
• procyclidine (Kemadrin)
• propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
• scopolamine (Transderm Scop, Hyoscine)
• solifenacin (Vesicare)
• tiotropium (Spiriva, Respimat)
• tolterodine (Detrol, Detrol LA)
• trihexyphenidyl (Artane, Trihexy)
• trospium (Sanctura, Spasmoplex, Spasmex, Relaspium)

Introduction

• anticholinergic agent, anti- muscarinic agent.

Indications

• drying of bronchial secretions (also see inhaled anticholinergic agent)
• bradycardia

Contraindications

• avoid in the elderly, especially those with cognitive impairment [1]

Adverse-effects

• dry skin, dry mucous membrames, dry mouth
• mydriasis, blurred vision
• urinary retention

• risk of acute urinary retention greatest in 1st 30 days of therapy [4]

• constipation
• abdominal pain
• tachycardia
• dizziness
• drowsiness
• nausea
• confusion, delirium
• hyperthermia
• thirst
• chronic use may increase risk of dementia [3]
  
• drug adverse effects of parasympatholytics

More General Terms

• autonomic agent

Additional Terms

• drugs with anticholinergic activity
• parasympathetic nervous system

References

1. Journal Watch 22(12):92, 2002 Roe CM et al Use of anticholinergic medications by older adults with dementia. J Am Ger Soc 50:836, 2002 PMID: [PubMed&dopt=Abstract
2. Prescriber's Letter 16(6): 2009 Antimuscarinic Medications for Overactive Bladder Detail-Document#: [1] (subscription needed) [2]
3. Carriere I et al Drugs with anticholinergic properties, cognitive decline, and dementia in an elderly general population: The 3-city study. Arch Intern Med 2009 Jul 27; 169:1317. PMID: [3]
4. Martin-Merino E et al. Do oral antimuscarinic drugs carry an increased risk of acute urinary retention? J Urol 2009 Oct; 182:1442. PMID: [4]
5. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009
6. Prescriber's Letter 18(12): 2011 Detail-Document#: [5] Drugs with Anticholinergic Activity (subscription needed) [6]
7. Geriatrics at your Fingertips, 13th edition, 2011 Reuben DB et al (eds) American Geriatric Society

parasympatholytic (anticholinergic, antimuscarinic agent)