P21n Ras

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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Function 3 Structure 4 Compartment 5 Pathology 6 More General Terms 7 Internet Database 8 References

Introduction

• Neuroblastoma ras. One of 4 'true' ras proteins [p21ras].

Function

• Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP & possess intrinsic GTPase activity
• alternate between an inactive form bound to GDP & an active form bound to GTP
• activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor ( GEF)
• inactivated by a GTPase-activating protein ( GAP)
• palmitoylated by the ZDHHC9- GOLGA7 complex
• a continuous cycle of de- & re- palmitoylation regulates rapid exchange between plasma membrane & Golgi
• p21ras binds to & activates raf1 protein probably in association with other proteins; raf1 activates MEK which in turn activates MAP kinases

Structure

• belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Ras family

Compartment

• cell membrane, lipid-anchor, cytoplasmic side
• Golgi apparatus membrane lipid-anchor
• shuttles between the plasma membrane & the Golgi apparatus

Pathology

• defects in NRAS are a cause of

• juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia

• mutations which change AA 12, 13 or 61 activate the potential of Ras to transform cultured cells & are implicated in a variety of human tumors

More General Terms

• ras proto-oncogene protein (p21ras)

Internet Database

UniProt: [1]
Kegg: [2]
OMIM: 164790
OMIM: 607785

References

1. Boguski MS & McCormick F Proteins regulating Ras and its relative. Nature 366:643 1993 PMID: [3]
2. UniProt [4]
3. Atlas of genetics & cytogenetics in oncology & haematology [5]
4. Wikipedia; Note: RAS proteins entry [6]

N-ras proto-oncogene protein (neuroblastoma ras, NRAS)