Osteopenia

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Etiology 4 Management 5 More General Terms 6 References

More Specific Terms

• osteomalacia
• osteoporosis

Introduction

• Osteopenia is a general term for low bone mass.

Etiology

• osteoporosis

• primary

• postmenopausal (I)
• senile (II)
• idiopathic in younger men & women

• Secondary

• Cushing's syndrome (includes glucocorticoid therapy)
• hyperthyroidism
• hypogonadism in men
• immobilization
• chronic heparin administration
• osteogenesis imperfecta
• Primary hyperparathyroidism
• Osteomalacia
• Myeloma
• Mastocytosis
• Renal osteodystrophy.

Management

• alendronate reduces vertebral fractures with osteopenia at the femoral neck [2]
• not cost-effective when only risk factors for fracture are age & bone mineral density [3]
• initiate treatment in postmenopausal women & in men age 50 & older with low bone mass ( T-score -1 to -2.5, osteopenia) at the femoral neck, total hip, or spine & 10-year hip fracture probability >= 3% or a 10-yr all major osteoporosis-related fracture probability of >= 20% based on the FRAX fracture risk assessment tool [4]

More General Terms

• sign/symptom

References

1. Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th ed, Ewald & McKenzie (eds), Little, Brown & Co, Boston, 1995, pg 500
2. Journal Watch 25(8):64-65, 2005 Quandt SA, Thompson DE, Schneider DL, Nevitt MC, Black DM; Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. Effect of alendronate on vertebral fracture risk in women with bone mineral density T scores of-1.6 to -2.5 at the femoral neck: the Fracture Intervention Trial. Mayo Clin Proc. 2005 Mar;80(3):343-9. PMID: [1]
3. Journal Watch 25(11):86, 2005 Schousboe JT, Nyman JA, Kane RL, Ensrud KE. Cost-effectiveness of alendronate therapy for osteopenic postmenopausal women. Ann Intern Med. 2005 May 3;142(9):734-41. Summary for patients in: Ann Intern Med. 2005 May 3;142(9):I36. PMID: [2]
   - McClung MR. Osteopenia: to treat or not to treat? Ann Intern Med. 2005 May 3;142(9):796-7. No abstract available. PMID: [3]
4. Prescriber's Letter 15(4): 2008 New guideline for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation Detail-Document#: [4] (subscription needed) [5]
   - CLINICIAN'S GUIDE TO PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS National Osteoporosis Foundation, 2008 [6]

osteopenia