Oropharyngeal Candidiasis
From Anvita Health Wiki
Contents |
Etiology
- Candida albicans (most common)
- other species of Candida
- risk factors
Clinical-manifestations
- white, cottage cheese-like, non-adherent, mucosal plaques ( hyphae) [2]
- circumscribed patches of mucosal erythema
- grayish-white membrane with an erythematous base [1]
- distribution commonly buccal mucosa, throat, tongue & gingivae
- angular cheilosis
- classic thrush can be found on any mucosal surface
- erythematous candidiasis most commonly occurs on the palate
Laboratory
- yeast forms or pseudohyphae in KOH preparations of lesion scrapings
- fungal culture
- biopsy
- HIV testing
Management
- topical therapy for mild-moderate disease (7-14 days)
- clotrimazole troches
- miconazole
- nystatin swish & swallow
- fluconazole
- amphotericin B mouthwash
- liquid formula itraconazole
- 1/2 strength OTC hydrogen peroxide (3%) gargle BID [4]
- systemic therapy for more severe disease (7-14 days)
- resistant organisms
- switching to an alternate agent may be effective
- intravenous amphotericin B is usually effective
More General Terms
- candidiasis
- stomatognathic (mouth) disease
- throat infection; pharyngeal infection; laryngeal infection
Additional Terms
- amphotericin B (Fungisone, Ambisone, Amphotec, Fungilin, LAMB, AmBisome)
- clotrimazole (Lotrimin, Mycelex, Gyne-Lotrimin)
- fluconazole (Diflucan)
- itraconazole (Sporanox)
- miconazole (Monistat, Lotrimin AF)
- nystatin (Mycostatin, Nilstat)
References
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009
- Geriatrics Review Syllabus, American Geriatrics Society, 5th edition, 2002-2004
- UpToDate Online 12.3, 2004
- Veterans Administration, Infectious Disease, VISN21 Mather, CA
