O2
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Contents |
Introduction
- Medical use of oxygen:
Indications
- (also see home oxygen)
- PaO2 =< 55 mm Hg
- PaO2 =< 59 mm of Hg with clinical evidence of polycythemia or cor pulmonale
- SaO2 =< 88%
- persistent polycythemia
- hemoglobin (Hgb) > 18 g/ dL
- hematocrit ( Hct) > 54%
- recurrent cor pulmonale
- severe hypoxemia
- CNS symptoms induced by hypoxemia, reversed by oxygen
Contraindications
Procedure
- (for medical oxygen use)
- continuous O2 is more useful than nocturnal O2.
- reassess need for chronic O2 treatment after 3 months
- fiO2 generally increases by 3% for each liter flow of O2
- Venturi mask provides fine control of O2 delivery
- use O2 sparingly in patients with increased pCO2
- 100% O2 denitrogenates the lungs to provide an O2 reserve
- Oxygen delivery systems (storage devices):
- oxygen concentrator (least expensive)
- oxygen cylinders (provide highest O2 flow rates)
- stationary H size cylinder (70 kg)
- portable steel size E cylinder (7 kg) on wheels
- portable unit of liquid oxygen linked to a demand pulse oxygen-conserving device (most expensive)
Complications
- ( oxygen toxicity)
- respiratory distress syndrome
- risk increases when:
- not amenable to treatment
- patients generally succumb to lung failure
- histopathology
- early exudative phase
- irreversible proliferative fibrotic phase
More General Terms
Internet Database
PubChem: 977
References
- Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 743, 763
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- Taha SK et al, Nasopharyngeal oxigen insufflation following preoxygenation using the four deep breath technique Anaesthesia 2006; 61:427 PMID: [1]
- Abernethy AP et al. Effect of palliative oxygen versus room air in relief of breathlessness in patients with refractory dyspnoea: A double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010 Sep 4; 376:784. PMID: [2]
