Nephrotoxic Substance

From Anvita Health Wiki

Etiology

• Metals

• antimony
• arsenic
• bismuth
• cadmium
• copper
• gold
• iron
• lead
• lithium
• mercurials
• silver
• thallium
• uranium

• Analgesics

• acetaminophen (toxic levels)
• aminopyrene
• hydrocodone ( Hycodan)
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs)

• non-specific & selective COX-2 inhibitors

• phenacetin
• phenylbutazone
• salicylates

• Antimicrobial agents

• aminoglycosides
• amphotericin B
• capreomycin ( Capastat)
• cephalosporins

• cephaloridine
• cephalothin

• colistin
• cotrimoxazole
• melarsoprol
• neomycin ( Mycifradin)
• penicillins
• polymixin B
• rifampin
• streptomycin
• sulfonamides
• tetracyclines
• vancomycin

• Antiviral agents

• acyclovir ( ACV, Zovirax)
• cidofovir ( Vistide)
• foscarnet

• Antineoplastic agents

• carboplatin ( CDBCA, Paraplatin)
• cisplatin
• cyclophosphamide
• ifosfamide
• methotrexate (high dose)
• mitomycin C ( Mutamycin)
• nitrosoureas

• lomustine
• semustine

• plicamycin ( mithramycin)
• streptozocin

• Organic solvents

• benzene
• carbon tetrachloride
• ethylene glycol
• tetrachloroethylene

• Other pharmaceuticals

• acetazolamide
• aminogluthemide ( Cytadren)
• epsilon-aminocaproic acid
• aminosalicylic acid
• boric acid
• captopril
• cyclosporine
• dextran ( low molecular weight)
• dimercaprol ( BAL, British anti-Lewisite, dithioglycerol)
• FK506 ( tacrolimus, Prograf)
• furosemide
• mannitol
• methoxyflurane
• pamidronate ( Aredia)
• d-penicillamine
• pentamidine
• phenindione
• quinine
• radiographic contrast media
• thiazides
• triamterene
• zoxazolamine

Additional Terms

• nephrotoxicity (renal toxicity)

References

Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed.,  W.B. Saunders, 1995

nephrotoxic substances