Muscle Weakness

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Etiology 3 Clinical-manifestations 4 Differential-diagnosis 5 More General Terms 6 Additional Terms 7 References

More Specific Terms

• asthenia
• generalized muscle weakness
• proximal muscle weakness

Etiology

• (also see immobility)
• brain disease

• multiple sclerosis
• transient ischemic attack ( TIA)
• cataplexy & sleep paralysis associated with narcolepsy

• spinal cord disease

• transverse myelitis
• epidural abscess
• extradural tumor
• epidural hematoma
• herniated intervertebral disk
• spinal cord tumor

• peripheral nerve disease

• Guillain-Barre syndrome
• acute intermittent porphyria
• arsenic poisoning
• toxic neuropathies
• tick paralysis

• myoneural junction disease

• myasthenia gravis
• Lambert-Eaton syndrome
• botulism
• organophosphate poisoning

• muscle disease

• polymyositis
• rhabdomyolysis- myoglobinuria
• acute alcoholic myopathy
• electrolyte imbalances
• endocrine disease

• electrolyte disturbances

• hypokalemia
• hyperkalemia
• hypercalcemia
• hypocalcemic tetany
• hyponatremia
• hypophosphatemia
• hypermagnesemia

• disorders with only subjective weakness

• hyperventilation
• hypoglycemia

• generalized weakness in the elderly [5]

• severe systemic illness (widespread malignancy)
• severe congestive heart failure

• possibly via deconditioning

• deconditioning (prolonged bedrest)
• malnutrition

• intensive care unit-acquired weakness

• systemic inflammation
• prolonged immobilization
• systemic glucocorticoids
• neuromuscular blockers

Clinical-manifestations

• bilateral distal weakness suggests polyneuropathy
• bilateral proximal muscle weakness suggests myopathy
• weakness made worse with repeated effort suggests myasthenia gravis or related syndromes
• see signs that distinguish patterns of muscle weakness

Differential-diagnosis

• (3 most likely)
• Guillain Barre syndrome
• myasthenia gravis
• botulism

• Diphtheria may produce a demyelinating neuropathy.

More General Terms

• weakness

Additional Terms

• muscular disease; myopathy
• myalgia (muscle pain)
• signs that distinguish patterns of muscle weakness

References

1. Guide to Physical Examination & History Taking, 6th edition, Bates B, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pg 59
2. Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 641-42
3. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1994, pg 132
4. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 121
5. Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics, 4th ed, Kane RL et al (eds) McGraw Hill, NY, 1999

muscle weakness