Microsatellite Instability
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Contents |
Introduction
- Instability in VNTR? Originally studied to identify loss of heterozygosity.
Pathology
- microsatellite instability may occur as a result of dysfunction of DNA mismatch repair
- microsatellite instability occurs in the germline of patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer & in 15% of sporadic colorectal cancers
Genetics
- repetitive sequences of DNA
- relatively high rates of mutation
- may contribute to the rapid evolution of species-typical traits
- alleles of repetitive polymorphic microsatellites in the 5' region of a gene may serve regulatory functions & confer individual differences in gene expression & may contribute to normal variation in behavioral traits [1]
Management
- for patients with colorectal cancer, microsatellite instability correlates with longer recurrence-free survival after surgical resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy [2]
More General Terms
Additional Terms
- DNA mismatch repair; post-replication repair; DNA loop repair
- microsatellite or variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR)
References
- Journal Watch 25(16):130, 2005 Hammock EA, Young LJ. Microsatellite instability generates diversity in brain and sociobehavioral traits. Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1630-4. PMID: [1]
- Kim GP, Colangelo LH, Wieand HS, Paik S, Kirsch IR, Wolmark N, Allegra CJ; National Cancer Institute. Prognostic and predictive roles of high-degree microsatellite instability in colon cancer: a National Cancer Institute-National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Collaborative Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Mar 1;25(7):767-72. Epub 2007 Jan 16. PMID: [2]
