Lymphoma

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Etiology 4 Staging 5 Complications 6 More General Terms 7 Additional Terms 8 References

More Specific Terms

• B-cell lymphoid neoplasm (B-cell lymphoma)
• cutaneous lymphoma
• Hodgkin's disease (Hodgkin's lymphoma)
• non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• primary thyroid lymphoma
• stem cell leukemia lymphoma syndrome (SCLL)
• T-cell lymphoid neoplasm (T-cell leukemia, T-cell lymphoma)

Introduction

• Malignant lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid cell neoplasms. Malignant transformation can occur at any stage of B or T cell differentiation. Lymphomas are solid tumors, usually involving lymphoid tissue but may involve other organs and may develop a leukemic phase. Lymphomas are divided into non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's lymphomas. Of non- Hodgkin's lymphomas, ~90% are of B cell origin. Comparison of Hodgkin's & non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

*                            non-Hodgkin's           Hodgkin's 
* Cell of Origin             90% B-cell               ? 
*                            10% T-cell 
* Sites of disease 
*         localized          uncommon                  common 
*         nodal spread       discontiguous             contiguous 
*         extranodal         common                    uncommon 
*         mediastinal        uncommon                  common 
*         abdominal          common                    uncommon 
*         bone marrow        common                    uncommon 
* B symptoms*                uncommon                  common 
* Chromosomal                common                    ? 
*    translocation  
* cure rate                  30-40%                    > 75%

• * B symptoms: weight loss, fever night sweats.

Etiology

• DISORDERS WITH INCREASED RISK OF SECONDARY LYMPHOMA

• Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS)
• Post renal & cardiac transplantation
• Congenital immune deficiency syndromes

• severe combined immunodeficiency disease ( SCID)
• Chediak-Higashi syndrome
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• ataxia-telangiectasia
• IgA deficiency

• Alpha heavy-chain disease
• Hodgkin's disease (post-treatment)
• Sjogren syndrome
• Celiac disease
• inflammatory disorders: [1]

• rheumatoid arthritis
• Crohn's disease
• ankylosing spondylitis
• psoriatic arthritis
• plaque psoriasis

• Chemical/drug exposure ( phenytoin, radiation, chemotherapy)

Staging

• CLINICAL STAGING OF LYMPHOMAS

• Stage I.

• involvement of single lymph node region (I)
• involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site (IE)

• Stage II.

• involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm alone (II)
• involvement of limited contiguous extralymphatic organ or tissue (IIE)

• Stage III.

• involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III)
• including the spleen (IIIS)
• limited contiguous extralymphatic organ or site (IIIE, IIIES)

• Stage IV.

• multiple or disseminated foci of involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs or tissues with or without lymphatic involvement

Complications

• 
  
• disease interaction(s) of cancer with Alzheimer's disease

More General Terms

• hematologic malignancy
• lymphoid neoplasm (lymphoid leukemia/lymphoma)

Additional Terms

• Hodgkin's disease (Hodgkin's lymphoma)

References

1. FDA MedWatch: April 14, 2011 & Nov 4, 2011 Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) blockers, Azathioprine and/or Mercaptopurine: Update on Reports of Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma in Adolescents and Young Adults [1]
2. National Guideline Clearinghouse Diagnostic imaging in lymphoma. (Program in Evidence-based Care) ngc-guideline: [2]
   - Ibritumomab tiuxetan in lymphoma: a clinical practice guideline. (Program in Evidence-based Care) ngc-guideline: [3]

lymphoma (lymphosarcoma)