Infection Control

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Additional Terms 4 References

More Specific Terms

• airborne pathogen
• hand hygiene
• infection control in correctional facilities
• infectivity of HIV

Introduction

• Precautions to prevent spread of infection include:
• universal precautions
• standard precautions
• tuberculosis isolation
• strict isolation

• Hospital environment:

• higher risk for acquiring MRSA in patients admitted to a hospital room where prior occupant was MRSA-positive (3.9% vs 2.9%) [2]
• higher risk of VRE in patients admitted to an ICU room where prior occupant was MRSA-positive (4.5% vs 2.8%) [2]
• > 90% of in- hospital acquisitions of MRSA & VRE occur in patients admitted to a hospital room where prior occupant was neither MRSA or VRE positive [2]

Additional Terms

• hand hygiene
• infection (infectious disease)
• nosocomial infection
• standard precautions
• universal precautions

References

1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
2. Huang SS et al, Risk of acquiring antibiotic-resistant bacteria from prior room occupants. Arch Intern Med 2006, 166:1945 PMID: [1]
3. National Guideline Clearinghouse
   - Infection control. Prevention of healthcare-associated infection in primary and community care. ngc-guideline: [2]
   - Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. ngc-guideline: [3]
   - Strategies to prevent transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in acute care hospitals. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America ngc-guideline: [4]
   - Infection control. New York State Department of Health. ngc-guideline: [5] .Massachusetts Department of Public Health
   - Contact precautions in hospitals. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [6]
   - Environmental measures for the prevention and management of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs). In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [7]
   - Hand hygiene recommendations. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [8]
   - Prevention of bloodstream infections. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [9]
   - Prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [10]
   - Prevention of surgical site infections. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [11]
   - Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [12]
   - Standard precautions in hospitals. In: Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Massachusetts. ngc-guideline: [13]

infection control