Gluconeogenesis

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Introduction 2 More General Terms 3 Additional Terms 4 Internet Database 5 References

Introduction

• Anabolic pathway. Formation of glucose from pyruvate.

• In gluconeogenesis, pyruvate is converted to glucose. However, gluconeogenesis is not the reversal of glycolysis. Several different reactions are required because the thermodynamic equilibrium of glycolysis lies far on the side of pyruvate formation. The actual delta G for the formation of pyruvate from glucose is about -20 kcal/mol of glucose under typical cellular conditions. Most of the decrease in free energy takes place in 3 essentially irreversible steps catalyzed by hexokinase, phosphofructokinase & pyruvate kinase.
• In gluconeogenesis, the irreversible reactions of glycolysis are bypassed by reactions catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, & a two step process bypassing pyruvate kinase catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase & phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.

More General Terms

• biosynthetic pathway or anabolic pathway

Additional Terms

• glucose (dextrose, D-glucose)
• glycolytic pathway (glycolysis, Embden Myerhof pathway)

Internet Database

Kegg: [1]

References

[2]

gluconeogenesis