Fasciitis

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Etiology 4 Pathology 5 Clinical-manifestations 6 Laboratory 7 Radiology 8 Management 9 More General Terms 10 Additional Terms 11 References

More Specific Terms

• eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman's syndrome)
• Fournier's gangrene
• gas gangrene (anaerobic cellulitis)
• necrotizing fasciitis
• plantar fasciitis

Introduction

• Inflammation of fascia

Etiology

• contaminated trauma
• etiologic agents ( bacterial fasciitis)

• Clostridium perfringens
• group A streptococcus
• mixed anaerobic & aerobic organisms ( trauma)

• Staphylococcus aureus

• gram negative rods in diabetics
• Bacillus cereus
• Vibrio vulnificus

Pathology

• occurs together with localized myositis
• necrotizing fasciitis involves deep tissue planes

Clinical-manifestations

• patient may appear extremely toxic
• rapid deterioration of clinical status may occur
• severe pain & swelling
• early signs of necrotizing fasciitis may not be apparent on the surface of the skin
• crepitus occurs with gas gangrene

Laboratory

• complete blood count: leukocytosis
• gram stain of deep tissue

Radiology

• plain radiographs may show gas tracking into muscle if there is associated myonecrosis
• computed tomography ( CT) or magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) show:

• muscle swelling
• fluid collections in muscle compartments
• gas

Management

• antibiotics

• penicillin plus clindamycin

• surgical debridement
• hyperbaric oxygen for anaerobes

More General Terms

• inflammation
• musculoskeletal disease/disorder

Additional Terms

• myositis (inflammatory myopathy)

References

Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998

fasciitis