Ethylenediamine Tetra Acetic Acid

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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Indications 3 Dosage 4 Pharmacokinetics 5 Adverse-effects 6 Mechanism-of-action 7 More General Terms 8 Internet Database 9 References

Introduction

• Tradename: Calcium disodium versenate (edetate) *** DISTINGUISH edetate disodium from edetate calcium disodium ***
• Withdrawn from US Market 2008 due to safety concerns:

• inappropriate off-label use
• name confusion with edetate calcium disodium)

Indications

• lead poisoning
• may be useful for poisonings due to radioactive & nuclear fission products
• NOT effective for mercury, gold, arsenic

Dosage

• 2 g/day or 1.5 g/m2/day divided every 12-24 hours for 5 days

• Injection: 200 mg/mL (5 mL).

Pharmacokinetics

• well-absorbed after IM or SC administration
• excretion begin 1 hour after IV administration
• peak excretion is seen in 24-48 hours
• most is excreted in the urine within 24 hours
• does not penetrate CSF
• 1/2life is 30-90 minutes
• accumulation is noted with renal dysfunction
  

• elimination via kidney

Adverse-effects

• renal/ urinary tract

• nephrosis/ renal tubular necrosis (may be fatal)
• hematuria
• proteinuria

• tremors
• uncommon (< 1%)

• hypotension, nasal congestion, arrhythmias, paresthesias, fever, headache, rash, hypercalcemia, nausea/vomiting, phlebitis, sneezing, lacrimation, transient bone marrow suppression

• deaths reported when edetate disodium given, rather than intended edetate calcium disodium [5] due to hypocalcemia ? (edetate disodium is FDA approved as an emergency treatment for certain patients with hypercalcemia)

Mechanism-of-action

• chelating agents for iron & other heavy metals
• 1 g of calcium EDTA sequesters 620 mg of lead
• EDTA complexes are eliminated in the urine

More General Terms

• amine
• chelating agent

Internet Database

PubChem: 6049
PubChem: 159523
PubChem: 51808
PubChem: 165904
PubChem: 115140
PubChem: 197149

References

1. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
2. Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 1168
3. Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
4. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
5. FDA MedWatch [1]

ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA, Endrate, calcium disodium versenate, edetic acid, edetate)