Chromium Picolinate

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Indications 3 Dosage 4 Pharmacokinetics 5 Adverse-effects 6 Mechanism-of-action 7 More General Terms 8 Internet Database 9 References

Introduction

• Pharmaceutical form of

Indications

• diabetes mellitus type 2 [5,6]
• metabolic syndrome X

Dosage

• 200 ug of elemental chromium QD
• 1 mg pf chromium picolinate QD [1]

Pharmacokinetics

• alledgely best absorbed form of Cr+3
• directly taken up into cells [8]

Adverse-effects

• potentially clastogenic [3] & cytotoxic [9]
• clinical reports of toxicity few & ambiguous [10]
• dermatitis [11]

Mechanism-of-action

• facilitates carbohydrate & lipid metabolism [2,5]
• reduces insulin resistance
• shortens QTc interval in overweight type 2 diabetics [1]
• no benefit in strength with resistance training [4]
• benefit for weight reduction may be small [7]
• tissue distribution [8]

• enters tissue cells intact
• taken up by kidney, muscle, & live
• subcellular location

• most in nucleus & mitochondria
• less in cytosol, lysosomes & microsomes

• see Cr+3

More General Terms

• salt
• metabolic agent (metabolic modifier)

Internet Database

PubChem: 151932
PubChem: 3015393

References

1. Vrtovec M, Vrtovec B, Briski A, Kocijancic A, Anderson RA, Radovancevic B. Chromium supplementation shortens QTc interval duration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am Heart J. 2005 Apr;149(4):632-6. PMID: [1]
2. McCarty MF. Chromium picolinate may favorably influence the vascular risk associated with smoking by combating cortisol-induced insulin resistance. Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(6):1220-4. PMID: [2]
3. Yang X, Palanichamy K, Ontko AC, Rao MN, Fang CX, Ren J, Sreejayan N. A newly synthetic chromium complex--chromium(phenylalanine)3 improves insulin responsiveness and reduces whole body glucose tolerance. FEBS Lett. 2005 Feb 28;579(6):1458-64. PMID: [3]
4. Campbell WW, Joseph LJ, Ostlund RE Jr, Anderson RA, Farrell PA, Evans WJ. Resistive training and chromium picolinate: effects on inositols and liver and kidney functions in older adults. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2004 Aug;14(4):430-42. PMID: [4]
5. Rabinovitz H, Friedensohn A, Leibovitz A, Gabay G, Rocas C, Habot B. Effect of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus elderly patients. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2004 May;74(3):178-82. PMID: [5]
6. Kalman DS. Chromium picolinate and type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jul;78(1):192; author reply 192-3. PMID: [6]
7. Pittler MH, Stevinson C, Ernst E. Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Apr;27(4):522-9. PMID: [7]
8. Hepburn DD, Vincent JB. Tissue and subcellular distribution of chromium picolinate with time after entering the bloodstream. J Inorg Biochem. 2003 Feb 1;94(1-2):86-93. PMID: [8]
9. Manygoats KR, Yazzie M, Stearns DM. Ultrastructural damage in chromium picolinate-treated cells: a TEM study. Transmission electron microscopy. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2002 Sep;7(7-8):791-8. Epub 2002 Mar 23. PMID: [9]
10. Lamson DS, Plaza SM. The safety and efficacy of high-dose chromium. Altern Med Rev. 2002 Jun;7(3):218-35. Review. PMID: [10]
11. Fowler JF Jr. Systemic contact dermatitis caused by oral chromium picolinate. Cutis. 2000 Feb;65(2):116. PMID: [11]

chromium picolinate