Cell Cycle

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 More General Terms 4 Additional Terms 5 Internet Database 6 References

More Specific Terms

• cell division

Introduction

• Division of eukaryotic cells can be divided into 4 cell-cycle phases:

• G1 phase (gap 1)

• the cell undergoes biochemical changes in preparation for S-phase

• S phase -> DNA synthesis
• G2 phase (gap 2) -> preparatory phase for mitosis
• M phase ( mitosis)
• The typical cycle of cultured cells lasts about 24 hours, although it can vary widely; S-phase (6 hr); M-phase (30 min); G1 (12 hr); G2 (6 hr).
• Eukaryotic cells have evolved several checkpoints, that may be activated to prevent transition across cell-cycle phases. In this manner, a normal cell can ensure that DNA synthesis is not initiated or continued under adverse or inappropriate conditions. A case in point is the p53-mediated inhibition of the cell cycle in response to DNA damage. (see slide DNA damage inhibits progression through the cell cycle/ p53)
• Cyclins A, B, C, D & E in conjunction with cyclin-dependent kinases orchestrate the progression through the cell cycle. The cyclins & cyclin-dependent kinases are, in turn, regulated by proteins involved in cell-cycle checkpoints.

More General Terms

• biochemistry

Additional Terms

• cyclin

Internet Database

Kegg: [1]

References

1. Cordon-Cardo C. Mutations of cell cycle regulators. Biological and clinical implications for human neoplasia. Am J Pathol. 1995 Sep;147(3):545-60. Review. PMID: [2]
2. Kastan & Skapek, Molecular Biology of Cancer; the cell cycle, In: Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology, 6th edition, DeVita et al (eds), Lippincott & Williams, Philadelpha, 2001, pg 91

cell cycle