Calcium Gluconate

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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Indications 3 Contraindications 4 Dosage 5 Pharmacokinetics 6 Adverse-effects 7 More General Terms 8 Additional Terms 9 Internet Database 10 References

Introduction

• for calcium supplementation see calcium carbonate

• 10% solution (90 mg elemental calcium/10 mL ampule)

Indications

• symptomatic hypocalcemia

• 20 mL (2 ampules) IV over 10 minutes, followed by
• infusion 60 mL of 10% calcium gluconate in 500 mL D5W (1 mg/mL) at 0.5-2.0 mg/kg/ hr

• hyperkalemia:

• 10 mL (1 ampule) IV over 2-5 minutes
• a 2nd dose may be given after 5 minutes if no response
• slower infusion rates in patients receiving digitalis because of potential hypercalcemia-induced digitalis activity

• hypermagnesemia: 10-1-20 mL (2 ampules) IV over 10 minutes

Contraindications

• pregnancy-category :value +
• safety-in-lactation :value ?

Dosage

• Injection: 100 mL/ mL. 10 mL

Pharmacokinetics

• IV: occurs within minutes
• IV: lasts approximately 1 hour
• elimination :route kidney

Adverse-effects

• uncommon (< 1%)

• vasodilation, hypotension, bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, syncope, lethargy, coma, mania, erythema, elevated serum amylase, decreased serum Mg+2, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, tissue necrosis, muscle weakness

More General Terms

• calcium supplement
• metabolic agent (metabolic modifier)

Additional Terms

• Ca+2
• gluconate

Internet Database

PubChem: 9290
PubChem: 89465

References

1. Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th ed, Ewald & McKenzie (eds), Little, Brown & Co, Boston, 1995, pg 55, 495
2. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
3. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
4. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary

calcium gluconate