Calcium Chloride

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Indications 2 Contraindications 3 Dosage 4 Pharmacokinetics 5 Monitor 6 Adverse-effects 7 Drug-interactions 8 Mechanism-of-action 9 More General Terms 10 Internet Database 11 References

Indications

• cardiac resuscitation: 2-4 mg/kg every 10 min
• cardiac disturbance secondary to hyperkalemia

• 2-4 mg/kg every 10 min

• hypocalcemia:

• 500 mg - 1 g every 1-3 days as needed
• hypocalcemic tetany: 4.5-16 meq until response

• treatment of hypermagnesemia
• toxicity from Ca+2 channel blockers

Contraindications

• Do NOT:

• administer SC or IM
• administer in same line as phosphate-containing solutions

• pregnancy-category :value +
• safety-in-lactation :value ?

Dosage

• Injection: 100 mg/mL. 10 mL ampules & syringes.

Pharmacokinetics

• eliminated mainly in the feces, 20% eliminated in the urine

Monitor

• EKG if infused > 2.5 meq/min

Adverse-effects

• uncommon (< 1%)
• vasodilation
• hypotension
• bradycardia
• arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation
• coma
• mania
• erythema
• tissue necrosis
• muscle weakness
• syncope
• CNS depression including lethargy & coma
• increased serum amylase
• decreased serum Mg+2
• hypercalcemia
• hypercalciuria
• extravasation:

• treat with hyaluronidase: 15 units/ mL, 1mL

Drug-interactions

• may antagonize effects of calcium channel blockers
• may increase digoxin toxicity
  
• drug interaction(s) of bisphosphonate with Ca+2

Mechanism-of-action

• moderates nerve conduction & muscle contraction via action potential excitation threshold regulation

More General Terms

• calcium supplement
• salt
• metabolic agent (metabolic modifier)

Internet Database

PubChem: 24854
PubChem: 24844
PubChem: 5284359

References

1. Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
2. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
3. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary

calcium chloride