Apraclonidine

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Indications 3 Dosage 4 Adverse-effects 5 Mechanism-of-action 6 More General Terms 7 Additional Terms 8 Internet Database 9 References

Introduction

• Tradename: Lopidine.

Indications

• open-angle glaucoma
• perioperative intraocular pressure control

Dosage

• 1 drop in operative eye 1 hour prior to laser surgery, & 2nd drop 1 hour post-operatively
• adjunctive therapy: 1 drop OU TID (0.5%) 0.5% (5 mL), 1% (0.25 mL)

Adverse-effects

• not common (1-10%)

• lethargy, dry mouth, dry nose, upper eyelid elevation, conjunctival blanching, mydriasis, burning & itching eyes, discomfort, conjunctival microhemorrhage, blurred vision

• uncommon (< 1%)

• allergic reaction, GI & CNS effects, arrhythmias

• long-term therapy associated with increased systemic adverse effects

Mechanism-of-action

• alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, similar to clonidine
• reduces formation of aqueous humor
• 17-26% reduction in intraocular pressure

More General Terms

• ophthalmic agent (eyedrops)

Additional Terms

• clonidine (Catapres)

Internet Database

PubChem: 2216
PubChem: 51763

References

1. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
2. Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
3. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998

apraclonidine (Iopidine)