Anti Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody
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Contents |
More Specific Terms
- cANCA (anti-myeloblastin, anti-serine protease 3)
- neutrophil cytoplasmic Ab atypical in serum
- neutrophil cytoplasmic Ab IgG in serum
- pANCA (anti-myeloperoxidase, anti-leukocyte elastase)
Introduction
Reference-interval
- negative
- < 1:20
Clinical-significance
- useful test in patient's with Wegener's granulomatosis, related vasculitides & glomerular diseases
- perinuclear ( pANCA) & cytoplasmic patterns ( cANCA) are 2 patterns recognized by indirect immunofluorescence
- the cytoplasmic pattern ( cANCA) is directed against myeloblastin ( serine proteinase-3)
- the perinuclear pattern ( pANCA) may be directed against myeloperoxidase or leukocyte elastase.
- Associated factors: [6] genetic predisposition environmental triggers ( silica exposure) infections ( tuberculosis, HIV, hepatitis C, parvovirus B19, fungus) neoplasia (lympohoma, myelodysplasia, monoclonal gammopathy) drugs (propythyouracil, cocaine, minocycline)
Methods
- indirect immunofluorescence on fixed neutrophilic granules
- distinctive patterns perinuclear (an artifact of fixation) & cytoplasmic may be observed
- solid phase EIA's are in development
Specimen
- store at -20 C
More General Terms
Additional Terms
References
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, NW Tietz (ed) 3rd ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia 1995
- Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 782, 847
- Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 1913
- Kaiser Permanente Northern Calfornia Regional Laboratory
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- Bosch X et al, Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Lancet 2006, 368:404 PMID: [1]
