Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed

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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Indications 3 Dosage 4 Notes 5 More General Terms 6 Additional Terms 7 References

Introduction

• An Al(OH)3 precipitated preparation of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen from an attenuated, non encapsulated strain of B anthracis (Sterne).
  

• (See 'Virulence factors' under Bacillus anthracis.)

Indications

• exposure to Bacillus anthracis spores
• risk of exposure to Bacillus anthracis spores
• postexposure prophylaxis in pregnant women exposed to aerosolized Bacillus anthracis spores

Dosage

• (administration)
• 0.5 mL SQ
• repeat doses at 2 & weeks, then at 6, 12 & 18 months
• 5 doses (total) for pre-exposure primary series [2]
• IM injection for pre-exposure primary series [2]
• boosters annually
• may be administered concurrently with antibiotics for suspected exposure
• 60 days of antimicrobial prophylaxis in conjunction with 3 doses of AVA for previously unvaccinated persons after exposure to aerosolized Bacillus anthracis spores [2]

Notes

• 2 inoculations afforded protection to rhesus monkeys against inhalation anthrax
• AVA provides protection against cutaneous anthrax in humans
• there is a need for vaccines with better protection & a simpler schedule [1]
• no new vaccines in last decade [2]

More General Terms

• vaccine

Additional Terms

• anthrax (woolsorter's disease)
• B. anthracis protective antigen
• Bacillus anthracis

References

1. Dixon TC et al Anthrax. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:815 PMID: [1]
2. Wright JG et al Use of Anthrax Vaccine in the United States Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2009 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR); July 23, 2010 / 59(rr06);1-30 <PubMed> PMID: [2] <Internet> [3]
3. National Guideline Clearinghouse
   - Use of anthrax vaccine in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2009. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). ngc-guideline: [4]

anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA)