Alzheimer's Disease

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Contents

More Specific Terms

Etiology

Epidemiology

  • 4 million persons in USA affected
  • 4th leading cause of death; 46,000 deaths/year
  • 35% of dementia pure AD; 15% mixed AD/ vascular dementia
  • 5% age 65-74; 15-25% age 75-84; 35-50% > 85 years of age
  • 70% of women & 17% of men > age 90 ( ADAMS study, 2006)
  • prevalence of neuropathologically-defined AD may be substantially higher than clinically-defined AD (2x) [8]

Pathology

Genetics

Clinical-manifestations

Laboratory

Diagnostic-procedures

Radiology

Complications

Differential-diagnosis

Management

  • associated with shortened survival [13]
  • mean life span 9.6 +/- 3.5 years after diagnosis [15]
  • prognosis dependent upon several factors
  • patient education
  • Follow-up:

More General Terms

Additional Terms

Internet Database

OMIM: 104300
OMIM: 104310
OMIM: 502500
OMIM: 104311
OMIM: 600759
OMIM: 602096
OMIM: 604154
OMIM: 605055

References

  1. Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 1053-55
  2. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 14, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2006
  3. Prescriber's Letter 7(2):10, Feb. 2000
  4. Role of cholinergic therapy in treatment of Alzheimer's disease & other dementias, Farlow, M et al, 2001
  5. Journal Watch 21(15):125, 2001 Kivipelto M, Helkala EL, Laakso MP, Hanninen T, Hallikainen M, Alhainen K, Soininen H, Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A. Midlife vascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease in later life: longitudinal, population based study. BMJ. 2001 Jun 16;322(7300):1447-51. PMID: [1]
  6. UCLA Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
  7. McPherson, S. Director, Neuropsychology Laboratory UCLA ADRC
  8. Polvikoski et al, Prevalence of Alzhmeimer' disease in very elderly people: a prospective neuropathological study Neurology 56:1690, 2001 PMID: [2]
  9. Selkoe D. Alzheimer's disease: genes, proteins, and therapy. Physiological Reviews 81:741, 2001 PMID: [3]
  10. Journal Watch 22(7):56-57, 2002 Seshadri S, Beiser A, Selhub J, Jacques PF, Rosenberg IH, D'Agostino RB, Wilson PW, Wolf PA. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 14;346(7):476-83. PMID: [4]
  11. Prescriber's Letter 9(4):22 2002
  12. Journal Watch 23(12):93, 2003 Tan ZS, Seshadri S, Beiser A, Wilson PW, Kiel DP, Tocco M, D'Agostino RB, Wolf PA. Plasma total cholesterol level as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease: the Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 2003 May 12;163(9):1053-7. PMID: [5]
  13. Journal Watch 24(10):80-81, 2004 Larson EB, Shadlen MF, Wang L, McCormick WC, Bowen JD, Teri L, Kukull WA. Survival after initial diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Apr 6;140(7):501-9. PMID: [6]
  14. Smith GE et al, A plateau in pre-Alzheimer memory decline: Evidence for compensatory mechanisms. Neurology 2007, 69:133 PMID: [7]
  15. Olichney JM et al, Cognitive decline is faster in Lewy body variant than in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1998, 51:351 PMID: [8]
  16. Riemersma-van der Lek RF et al, Effect of bright light and melatonin on cognitive and noncognitive function in elderly residents of group care facilities: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008, 299:2642 PMID: [9]
  17. Geriatric Review Syllabus, 7th edition Parada JT et al (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2010
  18. NIH Institute & Center Resources [10]
  19. NINDS Alzheimer's Disease Information Page [11]
  20. ADEAR: Alzheimer's Disease Fact Sheet [12]
  21. NATIONAL GUIDELINE CLEARINGHOUSE (NGC) -GUIDELINE SYNTHESIS ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS [13] [14]

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