Adverse Drug Reaction

From Anvita Health Wiki

Contents 1 More Specific Terms 2 Introduction 3 Etiology 4 Epidemiology 5 Complications 6 Notes 7 More General Terms 8 Additional Terms 9 References

More Specific Terms

• drug eruption; drug rash
• type A drug reaction
• type B drug reaction; drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome; drug rash with eosinophilia & systemic symptoms (DIHS, DRESS)

Introduction

• A harmful or inpleasant reaction resulting from an intervention related to a medicinal product, which predicts hazard of future administration & warrants prevention &/or specific treatment, alteration of drug dosage or discontinuation of a drug.

Etiology

• risk factors

• number of drugs
• heart failure
• liver disease
• (4 or more)
• renal failure
• older age
• lower body weight or lower body mass index
• prior adverse drug reaction

Epidemiology

• 1.5-5% of hospital admissions
• 6.7% of hospitalized patients
• few anecdotal reports of adverse drug reactions later corroborated [2]
• four medications account for 2/3 of drug-related hospitalizations in the elderly [3]

• warfarin (33%)
• insulins (14%)
• antiplatelet agents (13%)
• oral hypoglycemics (11%)

Complications

• prolongation of hospitalization
• morbidity & mortality

Notes

• see drug adverse effect or the drug itself for adverse effects of a specific drug or classes of drug

More General Terms

• pharmacology
• adverse effect

Additional Terms

• drug adverse effect(s)

References

1. Pirmohamed M & Park BK, Toxicology 192:23-32, 2003
2. Loke YK at al, Case reports of suspected drug reactions - Systematic literature survey of follow-up BMJ 2006; 332:335 PMID: [1]
3. Budnitz DS et al. Emergency hospitalizations for adverse drug events in older Americans. N Engl J Med 2011 Nov 24; 365:2002 <PubMed> PMID: [2] <Internet> [3]
4. Onder G, Petrovic M, Tangiisuran B, et al. Development and validation of a score to assess risk of adverse drug reactions among in-hospital patients 65 years or older: The GerontoNet ADR Risk Score. Arch Intern Med 2010; 170(13):1142-1148 PMID: [4]
5. FDA MedWatch program [5]
6. Geriatric Review Syllabus, 7th edition Parada JT et al (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2010

adverse drug reaction (ADR)